percent difference

the percent difference in the 100 ml of water to what it took to make it slide averaged out to about 220% difference. To find the percent difference you do 320 (what it took to make it slide) - 100 (starting amount of water) divided by 100 the starting water content then times 100 and you get 220%. (this is for potting soil. For sand it took around 150 ml of water. so potting soil is more prone to slideing.

 1. What conditions might cause mud to flow?
Heavy rain or fast melting snow can cause a mud flow.

2. What conclusion can you draw from the two images?
The higher number of degrees that a slope is the more prone it is to a mud slide.

3. List at least two ways you could make the mud slide off the 30° slide plane without changing the plane's angle.
You could saturate the mud even more with water. Or you could have a vibration that could help in the action of pushing the mud downwards.

4. What conditions in nature would be represented by the answers you gave for question 3?
Flooding, Heavy rain, Earthquakes.

5. List at least two factors that contribute to the formation of mudflows on volcanoes.
Ash from the eruptions of the volcanoes. Water.

6. How might forest fires affect an area's potential for experiencing mudflows?
The trees and vegitation roots helped keep the ground down but without those the ground has nothing to hold it down therefore is flooding or earthquakes occur it is more prone to a mudslide. Or landslide.

7. Hypothesize about how mudflows could change the topography of an area after a fire.
Mudflows would move a lot of land and make the area where the mud dispersed look a lot different also the mud would cover plants and grass therefore covering it from its natural needs of sun and other elements.

8. What human activities strip soil of its protective vegetation and increase its vulnerability to mudflows?

Clearing land to build buildings on them.

9. Write a paragraph describing the conditions that cause dangerous mudflows. Include the types of locations where mudslides are most likely to occur.

A mudflow is caused when dirt or ash is soaked with water to create mud. When the water is saturated then the mud will start to slide down a slope. Depending on how steep the slope is the mudflows are more or less likely to happen. Also an earthquake can trigger a mudflow. Mudflows are common in steep bare land areas and on volcanoes.

Mass Movement

A mud slide is a mass movement where dirt is completely soaked and eventually is carried down a slope because of water.

plate tectonics questions

1.     What are the first 3 types of plate boundaries listed?

         

• Divergent boundaries -- where new crust is generated as the plates pull away from each other.
• Convergent boundaries -- where crust is destroyed as one plate dives under another.
• Transform boundaries -- where crust is neither produced nor destroyed as the plates slide horizontally past each other.

2.     What does the word divergent mean in regard to plate movement?  What forces the plates to move apart at divergent boundaries?

Means that plates are moving apart and the force pushing up the plates is caused by magma pushing up from the mantle.

3.     Give an example of a specific mid-ocean ridge where seafloor spreading and divergent boundaries occur.  What country sits directly on top of this ridge?  What are the red triangles         that are shown on the map of this country?

The southern tip of Africa lies on top of this ridge.

red triangles are inactive volcanoes.

Mid-Atlantic Ridge averages about 2.5 centimeters per year (cm/yr), or 25 km in a million years

4.     What does the word convergent mean in regard to plate movement?

The plate is making a slow collision and they are overlapping each other

5.     Find the diagrams shown on the website for each of the following kinds of plate boundaries.  Label and post the three diagrams on your blog.

a.     Oceanic-continental convergence

b.     Oceanic-oceanic convergence

c.     Continental-continental convergence

 

6.     When one plate gets pushed below another plate it is called subduction.  What geologic features form on Earth’s surface directly above the subduction zone in the case of:

a.     oceanic-continental convergence?
A number of long narrow, curving trenches form and are thousands of kilometers long. These trenches are 8 to 10 km deep cutting into the ocean floor.
b.     oceanic-oceanic convergence?
 When two oceanic plates converge, one plate is usually subducted under the other plate, and in the process which trenches formed. This can also result in the formation of underwater volcanoes.
c.     continental-continental convergence?
 When two continental plate converge they make a mountain ridge like the Himalayas when the Indian and Eurasian plates had a collision.

 

7.     What is a transform boundary?  What geological disturbance is caused along transform boundaries?  Where in North America is there an example of this type of plate boundary?
A transform boundary is the zone between two plates sliding horizontally past one another. The geological disturbence caused be the transform boundaries is that Canadian geophysicist J. Tuzo Wilson, concept that transform faults were that large faults or fracture zones connect two spreading centers. The San Andreas fault zone in California is an example of these plates in North America. 

 

8. Using the Internet and a focused search, identify the type of plate interaction that caused the following features:

a. Mid-Atlantic Ridge

divergent plate boundary plates/ Oceanic-Oceanic

b. Kuril Trench

Convergent boundaries plates/ Oceanic-Oceanic

c. Phillipine Islands

Convergent boundaries plates/ Oceanic-Oceanic

d. East African Rift Valley

Divergent boundaries plates/Continental-Continental

e. Red Sea

Divergent boundaries plates/Continental-Continental

f. Peru-Chile Trench

Convergent boundaries plates/Oceanic-Oceanic

g. Aleutian Islands

Convergent boundary plates/ Oceanic-Oceanic

geologic timeline follow up q's

(1) Air in the atmosphere would have had to be there for animals to survive. Also weather that could support life. And lets not forget food or the thing we can't survive without.
(2) The Archaean eon because that is the eon when the earth is forming. But if the earth didn't form nothing would be here. So the Archaean is the most important period.
(3)The human existence is not very significant. We are only a small part of the history of earth. For example if you had a 4.5 meter long paper with each meter representing a billion we would be a very very small part of the paper.

fossils

The one to the left is a mold of an original remain it is an egg and the one to the left is the original remain of a dinosaur egg

 

3 youngest since it is the first one on top which is an intrusion in another rock

then 4 because it is the first on top besides the intrusion

then 1 because it is the second one on top

then 6

then 5 

then 2